STUDY ON THE EFFICIENCY OF CASH WAQF MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA
Abstract
The role of Waqf is synonym with the purpose of developing the economics as well as social well-being by means of a charity-based system. Revitalization of cash Waqf gives advantage to Muslims countries to further enhance this charity system. However, the efficiency of cash Waqf management is still questionable due to several internal management issues. This research is conducted to explore current practices of Waqf institutions in managing cash Waqf concerning human resource, documentation and reporting aspect; to investigate challenges faced by Waqf institutions in managing cash Waqf in terms of human resource, documentation and reporting aspects; and to suggest a few ways that can enhance the efficiency of cash Waqf management focusing in the three aspects. To achieve these objectives, qualitative methodology has been adopted where the data of this research was collected through semi-structured interview and review of past literatures as well as relevant documents. The finding of the research shows that majority of Waqf institutions have made efforts in promoting cash Waqf based on its regulation, financial sources, collaboration, duration of cash Waqf implementation and its strategic planning. However, the current practices of human resource, documentation and reporting are not suitable with the current pace of evolution to fully realize the benefit of cash Waqf. This research revealed the loopholes in the management of cash Waqf and suggested several ways for improvement as a reference for Waqf institutions in order to improve their cash Waqf implementation. It is a significant endeavor for Waqf institutions in Malaysia to develop knowledge on cash Waqf management as well as provoking speedy development progress of cash Waqf implementation in Malaysia.
References
Abdul-Karim, S. (2010). Contemporary Shari’ah Structuring for the Development and Management of Waqf Assets in Singapore (Doctoral dissertation, Durham University).
Abraham, A. (2004). A Model of Financial Performance Analysis Adapted for Nonprofit Organisations. In AFAANZ 2004 Annual Conference. Alice Springs.
Al Arif, M. N. R. (2010). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Berbasis Wakaf Uang. Jurnal Asy-Syir’ah, Fakulti Syariah UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 44(2), 813–828.
Amuda, Y. J., Embi, A. C., & Babatunde, O. H. (2014). An Agricultural Approach to the Commercialization of Cash Waqf between Malaysia and Nigeria. Journal of Advanced Management Science, 2(4), 344–348.
Amuda, Y. J., & Embi, N. A. C. (2013). Alleviation of Poverty among OIC Countries through Sadaqat, Cash Waqf and Public Funding. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 4(6), 403–408.
Burns, A. C., & Bush, R. F. (2010). Understanding Research Design. In Marketing Research (6th ed., pp. 140–168). New Jersey: PEARSON Education.
Chowdhury, M. S., Ghazali, M. F., & Ibrahim, M. F. (2011). Economics of Cash Waqf Management in Malaysia: A Proposed Cash Waqf Model for Practitioners and Future Researchers. African Journal of Business Management, 5(30), 12155–12163.
Connell, J. (2001). Influence of Firm Size on Organizational Culture and Employee Morale. Journal of Management Research, 1(4), 220.
Department of Awqaf Zakat & Hajj [JAWHAR]. (2009). Manual Pengurusan Wakaf Tunai. Putrajaya: JAWHAR.
Eriksson, P., & Kovalainen, A. (2008). Qualitative Research Materials. In Qualitative Methods in Business Research (1st ed., pp. 77–94). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
Fanani, M. (2011). Pengelolaan Wakaf tunai. Walisongo, 19(1), 179–196.Garvey, D. (2009). Nonprofit Sector: Workforce Education Needs and Opportunities. Continuing Higher Education Review, 73, 114–124.
Gaudiosit, M. M. (1988). The Influence of the Islamic Law of Waqf on the Development of the Trust in Engand: The Case of Merton College. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 136(4), 1231–1261.
Hanefah, M. M., Jalil, A., Ramli, A. M., Sabri, H., Nawai, N., & Shahwan, S. (2009). Financing the Development of Waqf Property: The Experience of Malaysia and Singapore. In International Conference on Waqf Laws and Management: Reality and Prospects. Gombak.
Hayani, F. (2007). Wakaf Tunai Dalam Perspektif Ulama Fiqih (Studi Analisis Pendapat Ulama Hanafiyah dan Safi’iyah) (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta).
Hilmi, H. (2012a). Dinamika Pengelolaan Wakaf Uang: Studi sosio-legal perilaku pengelolaan wakaf uang pasca pemberlakuan UU No. 41 tahun 2004 tentang wakaf. Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan, 12(2), 123–143.
Hilmi, H. (2012b). Wakaf Uang Antara Fleksibilitas Berderma dan Sistim Ribawi. Jurnal Pengembangan Masyarakat, 5(1), 40–54.
Hosseini, S. M. S., Salari, T. E., & Abadi, S. M. N. Z. (2014). Study of Cash Waqf and Its Impact on Poverty (Case Study of Iran). Atlantic Review of Economics, 2.
Htay, S. N. N., Mohamed, M. O., & Osman, A. F. (2012). Determinants of Cash Waqf Giving in Malaysia: Survey of Selected Works. In Workshop Antarbangsa Pembangunan Berteraskan Islam V (WAPI-5). Medan, Indonesia.
Ibrahim, D., & Ibrahim, H. (2013). Revival of Waqf Properties in Malaysia. In The 5th Islamic Economics System Conference (iECONS 2013). Kuala Lumpur.
Ibrahim, H., Amir, A., & Masron, T. A. (2013a). Cash Waqf: An Innovative Instrument for Economic Development. International Review of Social Sciences and Humanities, 6(1), 1–7.
Ibrahim, H., Nor, E., & Muhammad, J. (2013b). Cash Waqf and Its Development in the Northern Region of Malaysia. In 4th International Conference on Business and Economic Research (4th ICBER 2013) Proceeding. Bandung.
Iman, A. H. M., & Mohammad, M. T. S. (2014). Waqf Property: Concept, Management, Development, and Financing (1st ed.). Johor Bahru: PENERBIT UTM PRESS.
Ismail, C. Z., Muda, S., & Hanafiah, N. J. A. (2014). Challenges and Prospects of Cash Waqf Development in Malaysia. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 4(2), 340–348.
Jalil, A., & Ramli, A. M. (2008). Waqf Instruments for Construction Contract: An Analysis of Structure. The Journal of Muamalat and Islamic Finance Research, 5(1), 183–197.
Kader, S. Z. S. A. (2015). The Legal Framework of Waqf in Malaysia. Retrieved from http://ssrn.com/abstract=2547440 2.
Kahf, M. (1999). Financing the Development of Awqaf Property. American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences, 16(4), 39–68.
Khademolhoseini, M. (2008). Cash Waqf a New Financial Instrument for Financing Issues: An Analysis of Structure and Islamic Justification of Its Commercialization. Imam Sadiq University.
Kholid, M., Sukmana, R., & Hassan, K. A. K. (n.d.). Waqf through Sukuk Al-Intifa’a: A Proposed Generic Model. Retrieved from http://www.mbri.ac.ir/userfiles/file/Islamic Banking
Luo, Y., & Peng, M. W. (1999). Learning to Compete in a Transition Economy: Experience, Environment, and Performance. Journal of International Business Studies, 30(2), 269–295.
Manat, A. B. (2007). Isu-isu Semasa Berhubung Pembangunan Tanah Wakaf. Jurnal Pengurusan JWZH, 1(1), 53–71.
Marzuki, M. U., Shahimi, S., Ismail, A. G., & Embong, Z. (2012). Tackling Poverty: A Look at Cash Waqf. In Prosiding PERKEM VII. Perak.
Masruki, R., & Shafii, Z. (2013). The Development of Waqf Accounting in Enhancing Accountability. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research (Research in Contemporary Islamic Finance and Wealth Management), 1–6.
Masyita, D., & Febrian, E. (2004). The Role of BRI in the Indonesian Cash Waqf House’s System. In BRI International Seminar on Developing Microbanking: Creating Opportunities for the Poor through Innovation. Bali.
Masyita, D., Tasrif, M., & Telaga, A. S. (2005). A Dynamic Model for Cash Waqf Management as One of the Alternative Instruments for the Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia. In The 23rd International Conference of the System Dynamics Society Massachussets Institute of Technology (MIT). Boston.
Medias, F. (2010). Wakaf Produktif Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam. Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 4(1), 69–84.Mohsin, M. I. A. (2013). Financing Through Cash Waqf: A Revitalization to Finance Different Needs. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 6(4), 304–321.
Nurrachmi, R. (2012). The Implication of Cash Waqf in the Society. Munich Personal RePEc Archive, 150–155. Retrieved from http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/44605/.
Pitchay, A. A., Mydin, A. K. M., & Saleem, M. Y. (2014). Priority of Waqf Development among Malaysian Cash Waqf Donors: An AHP Approach. Journal of Islamic Finance, 3(1), 13–22.
Rozalinda. (2012). Manajemen Risiko Investasi Wakaf Uang. Islamica:Jurnal Studi Keislaman, 6(2), 300–315.
Saad, N. M., & Anuar, A. (2010). Cash Waqf and Islamic Microfinance: Untapped Economic Opportunities. Islam and Civilisational Renewal, 1(2), 337–354.
Saifuddin, F., Kayadibi, S., Polat, R., Fidan, Y., & Kayadibi, O. (2014). The Role of Cash Waqf in Poverty Alleviation: Case of Malaysia. In Kuala Lumpur International Business, Economics and Law Conference 4 (KLIBEL4). Kuala Lumpur.
Sanusi, S., & Shafiai, M. H. M. (2015). The Management of Cash Waqf : Toward Socio-Economic Development of Muslims in Malaysia. Jurnal Pengurusan, 43(2015), 3–12.
Sayin, B., Ali, A. H., & Suyurno, S. S. (2006). Pengenalan kepada Konsep Wakaf dalam Islam. Kuala Lumpur: Pusat Penerbitan Universiti (UPENA), UiTM.
Shahimi, S., Marzuki, M. U. M., & Embong, Z. (2013). Potential of Cash Waqf for Poverty Alleviation in Malaysia: A System Dynamics Approach. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 47(2), 149–163.
Shakrani, M. S., Noor, M. S. Z., & Ali, J. (2003). Tinjauan Isu-Isu Yang Membataskan Penggunaan Wakaf Dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Ummah di Malaysia. Jurnal Syariah, 11(2), 73–98.
Siraj, S. A. (2012). An empirical investigation into the accounting, accountability and effectiveness of waqf management in the State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCS) in Malaysia (Doctoral dissertation, Cardiff University).
Sudirman. (2004). Pegembangan Wakaf Tunai untuk Keadilan Sosial: Studi tentang Manajemen Wakaf Tunai di Tabung Wakaf Indonesia. Research Collections. Retrieved from http://ejournal.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/research/article/view/2085.
Tohirin, A., & Hudayati, A. (2011). Cash Waqf Institution and Accounting Issues. In International Seminar & Workshop on Islamic Accounting. Yogyakarta.
Toraman, C., Tuncsiper, B., & Yilmaz, S. (2007). Cash Awqaf in the Ottomans as Philanthropic Foundations and Their Accounting Practices. In The 5thAccounting History International Conference. Banff, Canada.
Yaacob, H., Petra, S., Sumardi, A., & Nahar, H. S. (2012). Awqaf Accounting and Reporting for Accountability: A Case Study of Awqaf S. In The 19th International Business Research Conference. Melbourne.http://www.esyariah.gov.my http://www.jawhar.gov.my
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.